Different Protocols & Associated Ports for Networking and Connection : HTTP, FTP, and many more

There are a lot of different types of protocols used for connections. There are so many protocols defined according to the international standard for communicating to the different type of servers and to communicate different type of servers the are also pre-defined ports on which the corresponding address can retain access. 

Ports are associated to the different protocols in order to achieve the destination with protocol. We will learn in order, some of the different types of protocols and the port number associated with them.

HTTP :

HTTP stands for Hypertext Transfer Protocol. This protocol is used for connection between two web servers in world wide web or simply say for web browsing but this protocol is not very safe from security point of view. HTTP uses port 80 by default. Below image show a http website using http protocol.

HTTPS :

HTTPS stands for Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure (or, HTTP Secure) this protocol is the enhanced version of HTTP and uses the security at Transport Layer (which is one among the network layers). Due to this TLS or SSL (Secure socket layer) it is considered to be a secure connection protocol for network connection.

By Default, 443 port is used for hosting over a SSL/TLS or HTTPS Protocol.

See the image below, this is the screenshot of a website using https secure protocol

    

FTP :

FTP stands for file transfer protocol, as the name conveys this protocol is used for transferring the files using a secure connection. FTP support user authentication and by default they use port number 21 for opening communication. The url for the FTP is in the format ftp://hostname:21/path.

See in the image below to understand it clearly.

The FTP views the file and folders in indexed manner and the url can be seen very clearly with the prefix ftp://.

RTMP :

RTMP stands for Real Time Messaging Protocol. This Protocol was developed by the Adobe. This protocol was developed with the purpose to live stream the media like audio and videos on the server and by default it uses the port number 1935.many of the media players like vlc, Pot Player, KMP, etc. uses this protocol to stream the media files in real time from the web servers.

SSH :

SSH Stands for Secure Shell and this is used to establish the shell connection in secure manner in order to gain the complete access to the CLI environment of host operating Systems from a remote place. By default, SSH uses the port number 22 for opening the connection

Its accessible command format is ssh user@hostname:22

SMTP :

SMTP stands for simple mail transmission protocol; this protocol is used to deliver the E-Mails (Electronic Mails). By Default, SMTP uses the port number 25 for opening the E-mail connection.

POP3 :

POP stands for Post Office Protocol again this protocol is related to E-Mails and it is used to retrieve the incoming mails and it uses port number 110 by default, to retrieve the mail from the E-mail server.

IRC :

IRC stands for Internet Relay Chat is the protocol used for text or messaging communication. IRC uses port number 194 to communicate in-between the peers as IRC is based on Peer-to-Peer Networking Concept (P2P) and uses high level encryption.

The client-server model is by in the IRC connection and most of the times SSH protocols are used to communicate over web browsers and CLI’s.

DNS :

DNS stands for Domain Name System. This is the decentralized system which is used to store and retrieve the registered domain names databases and by default, DNS system uses the port number 53 for communication.

There are many more protocols created till now but the above listed are the basic protocols used for communication between different type of server and data retrieval.